Useful information for observations

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List of Astronomical Targets for NIKA2 (from NIKA2R1.sou)

last edited by CK 1-Mar-2016, FXD 14-SEP-2016, LP 20-JAN-2017, PG 02-FEB-2017

Here is the full detailed formatted list Full list with some fluxes. Rename it to NIKA2R5.sou to use it in Pako.

For Run6 onward, there is the detailed list file which is converted to a source file in the pako directory as NIKA2R6.sou .

LST coverage created for FEB-2017

1. Planets planets

2. Strong Galactic sources Strong Gal. Sources

3. Strong pointing sources Strong Pointing Sources

4. Secondary Calibrators (from Lisenfeld+2000) Secondary Calibrators

Also for FEB-2017:

• Radio sources from IRAM catalog nika2-radio

• Planets, Asteroids, and Secondary Calibrators (from Lisenfeld+2000) nika2-secondaries

• Strong Galactic sources nika2-galactic

• Weak Galactic sources nika2-weak-galactic

• Nearby galaxies nika2-nearby-galaxies

• Distant galaxies or faint quasars nika2-distant

Details on planets and asteroids

Uranus and Neptune are well known primary calibrators for photometric calibration and for beam maps. Mars, Jupiter, Saturn can be used for the errorbeams or to map the satellites.

Rough fluxes from Gildas (as for the 10th of October), FXD 14/9/2016

The following table gives only rough numbers for the fluxes. Note that some are varying in R.A./Dec, distance, flux and brightness temperature.

Accurate fluxes

For accurate fluxes, use the following predictions from recent planetary models:

• For Uranus and Neptune:

  • Download the ESA2 templates of the model of Moreno 2010 ("Neptune and Uranus planetary brightness temperature tabulation. Technical report, ESA Herschel Science Center).

  • Download the ESA4 templates of the models of Moreno and Orton described by Bendo et al. 2013 (Flux calibration of the Herschel-SPIRE photometer, MNRAS 433, 3062, 2013).

• For Mars:

  • Visit the web page of Emmanuel Lelloche. It will ask for the HPBW at 300 GHz which is ~8" at the 30m.

Asteroids

Some asteroids have quite excentric orbits, and their temperatures thus vary quite a bit. In addition, the smaller ones have non-circular shapes and thus also rotational variability on scales of few hours. However, the four largest asteroids (Ceres, Pallas, Vesta, and Lutetia) present a flux accuracy better than 5% and therefore, they can be used as reliable calibrators for the IRAM 30m continuum cameras (see the poster of Thomas Mueller). See also Muller et al. 2014.

Thomas Mueller provided flux predictions at different wavelengths for these four asteroids until 2020:

Asteroids

Some asteroids have quite excentric orbits, and their temperatures thus vary quite a bit. In addition, the smaller ones have non-circular shapes and thus also rotational variability on scales of few hours. However, the four largest asteroids (Ceres, Pallas, Vesta, and Lutetia) present a flux accuracy better than 5% and therefore, they can be used as reliable calibrators for the IRAM 30m continuum cameras (see the poster of Thomas Mueller). See also Muller et al. 2014.

Thomas Mueller provided flux predictions at different wavelengths for these four asteroids until 2020:

The following figure shows the flux predictions at 1.3 mm and 3.0 mm for the period 2017-2085:

Observers have to give the oribital elements of the asteroids to pako: perihelionEpoch, ascendingNode, argumentOfPerihelion, inclination, perihelionDistance, eccentricity. The elements listed below were extracted from the JPL Ephermides data base by X.Desert. Asteroids are on stable orbits. Their orbital elements are not expected to change. Using the ephemerides below, Ceres was detected, but about 40" off, and Vesta could not be detected with EMIR. Ephemerides listed below are not up to date. Please use the most current ones on: http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi with SOURCE Body Name tp node peri i q e <CK, 30-April-2015>

   PAKO> SOURCE Body Ceres 2456551.202069534158 80.32764144660911  72.29215117844517 10.59398142371781 2.557090856996202 .07579725984872261    
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Pallas 2456634.320680106518 173.1023717671647 309.9337060321055 34.83625656930519 2.130435195136733 .2315650120848084
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Vesta 2456923.695134388993 103.8514828145328 151.1995756082146 7.140518203879475 2.152395790927782 .08850244223456388
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Lutetia 2457274.428494472523 80.88533411704726 250.2363739926752 3.06386567315565 2.034005484901541 .1644593151184061  

   new values for CERES (from jpl web site 9/12/16; orbital elements for Feb 2017):
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Ceres 2458235.937196441384 80.30985818155804  72.90778936046735 10.59240162556512 2.558399943883621 .07568276766977486 
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Vesta 2458248.730549527339 103.8420858415193 151.0763599422539 7.140515813592748 2.150823811211408 .08913605302833576
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Lutetia 2457273.638882819987 80.88033303253583 250.0144375788085 3.063765839399812 2.033639664197401 .1645870225908674     

The following figure shows the flux predictions at 1.3 mm for the period 2014-2015:

Observers have to give the oribital elements of the asteroids to pako: perihelionEpoch, ascendingNode, argumentOfPerihelion, inclination, perihelionDistance, eccentricity. The elements listed below were extracted from the JPL Ephermides data base by X.Desert. Asteroids are on stable orbits. Their orbital elements are not expected to change. Using the ephemerides below, Ceres was detected, but about 40" off, and Vesta could not be detected with EMIR. Ephemerides listed below are not up to date. Please use the most current ones on: http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi with SOURCE Body Name tp node peri i q e <CK, 30-April-2015>

   PAKO> SOURCE Body Ceres 2456551.202069534158 80.32764144660911  72.29215117844517 10.59398142371781 2.557090856996202 .07579725984872261    
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Pallas 2456634.320680106518 173.1023717671647 309.9337060321055 34.83625656930519 2.130435195136733 .2315650120848084
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Vesta 2456923.695134388993 103.8514828145328 151.1995756082146 7.140518203879475 2.152395790927782 .08850244223456388
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Lutetia 2457274.428494472523 80.88533411704726 250.2363739926752 3.06386567315565 2.034005484901541 .1644593151184061  

   new values for CERES (from jpl web site 9/12/16; orbital elements for Feb 2017):
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Ceres 2458235.937196441384 80.30985818155804  72.90778936046735 10.59240162556512 2.558399943883621 .07568276766977486 
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Vesta 2458248.730549527339 103.8420858415193 151.0763599422539 7.140515813592748 2.150823811211408 .08913605302833576
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Lutetia 2457273.638882819987 80.88033303253583 250.0144375788085 3.063765839399812 2.033639664197401 .1645870225908674     

Fluxes of quasars used as pointing source

IRAM conducts several observatory programs at the 30-m Pico Veleta telescope to monitor the time variability of extragalactic continuum sources. A webpage dedicated to these flux monitoring programs has been created. The fluxes are mainly monitored at 3 and 2 mm, but there's also several 1 mm measurements.

Interface with the telescope: Pako

Short manual on useful "Pako for Nika" see on Granada computers on the NIKA directory Pako_helpv??.txt ==> Obsolete. Has been replaced by much simpler procedures listed on the control computers screen wallpaper:

NIKA2_Wallpaper.PNG

- Pako scripts are in the Pako subdirectory

- Before starting the pointing session, we may be requested to move the azimuth by 60deg to reset the inclinometer of the az axis.

- Always stay at more that 1 deg from the Sun. There are internal safeties that prevent the antenna to point to the Sun, but we may not get error messages.

- The antenna can point between 60 and 460 degrees in azimuth, between 20 and 80 degrees in elevation.

- If a source is available both at low and high azimuth, use command SET TOPO LOW (or SET TOPO HIGH) to stay on the source without moving.

- The minimum number of sources to observe for the pointing model is 15. 30 is good enough.

- the pointing sources should be observed on 'short' period, e.g. 3-4 hours to avoid daily pointing variations.

Commissioning requirements and observations plan

see the private wiki