Differences between revisions 1 and 33 (spanning 32 versions)

Calibrators

Sources with well known fluxes are essential to calibrate continuum observations.

Contents

Calibrators

Primary Calibrators

The primary calibrators used at the IRAM 30m telescope are Mars, Uranus and Neptune. The following table provides flux measurements taken at the IRAM 30m radiotelescope:

Planet	MAMBO Flux [Jy]	NIKA 1 mm Flux [Jy]	NIKA 2 mm Flux [Jy]	GISMO Flux [Jy]	Comments
MARS	108.36			56.70 +/- 6.95	MAMBO: 824 onoffs. GISMO: 27 scans CAREFUL: distance to Mars and hence its flux varies strongly
URANUS	36.62			15.10 +/- 4.33	MAMBO: 420 onoffs. GISMO: 97 scans
NEPTUNE	13.99			7.48 +/- 3.97	MAMBO: 48 onoffs. GISMO: 15 scans

MAMBO fluxes were extracted from the IRAM DataBase for Pooled Observations (go to astro -> Calib Sources).

Secondary calibrators

The following list provides flux measurements for a list of secondary calibrators to be observerd when planets are not visible.

Source	RA [J2000]	DEC [J2000]	Size ["]	MAMBO Flux [Jy]	NIKA 1 mm Flux [Jy]	NIKA 2 mm Flux [Jy]	GISMO Flux [Jy]	Comments
G34.3	18:53:18.56	+01:14:58.2	11x9	19.90 +/- 0.80				MAMBO: 572 onoffs.
G10.62	18:10:28.66	-19:55:49.7	--	9.12 +/- 0.00				MAMBO: 241 onoffs.
W3OH	02:27:03.88	+61:52:24.5	17x10	8.13 +/- 0.40			6.43 +/- 1.24	MAMBO: 551 onoffs. GISMO: 32 scans
K3-50A	20:01:45.69	+33:32:43.5	11x9	6.66 +/- 0.20				MAMBO: 231 onoffs.
NGC7538	23:13:45.38	+61:28:10.3	16x13	5.79 +/- 0.50			8.97 +/- 2.62	MAMBO: 300 onoffs. GISMO: 15 scans
IRAS16293	16:32:22.70	-24:28:32.0	10	5.30 +/- 0.30				MAMBO: 105 onoffs.
CepA	22:56:17.93	+62:01:49.5	27x15	3.82 +/- 0.20				MAMBO: 162 onoffs.
NGC7027	21:07:01.59	+42:14:10.1	9x8	3.14 +/- 0.10			3.36 +/- 0.26	MAMBO: 139 onoffs. GISMO: 3 scans
CRL618	04:42:53.35	+36:06:52.6	6x5	2.93 +/- 0.10				MAMBO: 366 onoffs.
G45.1	19:13:22.07	+10:50:53.4	13x9	2.69 +/- 0.20				MAMBO: 264 onoffs.
GL490	03:27:38.84	+58:47:00.5	16x11	2.11 +/- 0.20				MAMBO: 175 onoffs.
CRL2688	21:02:18.80	+36:41:37.6	9x2	1.83 +/- 0.10				MAMBO: 97 onoffs.
MWC349	20:32:45.57	+40:39:36.4	<0.5	1.70 +/- 0.10				MAMBO: 86 onoffs.
L1551-IRS5	04:31:34.17	+18:08:05.1	15x11	1.51 +/- 0.20				MAMBO: 634 onoffs.
CW-LEO	09:47:57.38	+13:16:43.6	14x13	1.29 +/- 0.05				MAMBO: 1125 onoffs.
LKHALF234	21:43:06.79	+66:06:54.4	21x14	1.00 +/- 0.10				MAMBO: 291 onoffs.
HLTAU	04:31:38.45	+18:13:57.9	7x3	0.96 +/- 0.05				MAMBO: 231 onoffs.
HD-163296	17:56:21.29	-21:57:21.9	--	0.69 +/- 0.20				MAMBO: 4 onoffs.
LKHALF101	04:30:14.40	+35:16:24.1	--	0.57 +/- 0.00				MAMBO: 117 onoffs.
ALF-ORI	05:55:10.28	+07:24:25.4	7x3	0.34 +/- 0.02				MAMBO: 133 onoffs.

MAMBO fluxes were extracted from the IRAM DataBase for Pooled Observations (go to astro -> Calib Sources; positions there are given in the J2000 coordinate system, and not as indicated in the header as B1950.0!!). See also the secondary calibrators for continuum measurements report by Lisenfeld et al. (2000).

Asteroids

Some asteroids have quite excentric orbits, and their temperatures thus vary quite a bit. In addition, the smaller ones have non-circular shapes and thus also rotational variability on scales of few hours. However, the four largest asteroids (Ceres, Pallas, Vesta, and Lutetia) present a flux accuracy better than 5% and therefore, they can be used as reliable calibrators for the IRAM 30m continuum cameras (see the poster courtesy of Thomas Mueller).

Thomas Mueller provided flux predictions at different wavelengths for these four asteroids until 2020:

Ceres, Pallas, Vesta, Lutetia

   PAKO> SOURCE Body Ceres 2456551.202069534158 80.32764144660911  72.29215117844517 10.59398142371781 2.557090856996202 .07579725984872261    
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Pallas 2456634.320680106518 173.1023717671647 309.9337060321055 34.83625656930519 2.130435195136733 .2315650120848084
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Vesta 2456923.695134388993 103.8514828145328 151.1995756082146 7.140518203879475 2.152395790927782 .08850244223456388
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Lutetia 2457274.428494472523 80.88533411704726 250.2363739926752 3.06386567315565 2.034005484901541 .1644593151184061

alt text

Polarized Calibrators

Source	RA [J2000]	DEC [J2000]	S(1mm) [Jy]	p(1mm) [%]	x(1mm) [deg]	Comments
3C286	13:31:8.30	+30:30:33.0	0.30 +/- 0.03	14.4 +/- 1.8	33.1 +/- 5.7	Bright compact radio quasar. XPOL observations from Sep 2006 to Jan 2012

S(1mm), p(1mm), and x(1mm) are the flux density, the polarization fraction, and the polarization angle at 1 mm measured with the XPOL polarimeter at the IRAM 30m Telescope.

Author: Israel Hermelo (IRAM 30m Continuum Pool Manager)

email: hermelo@iram.es

Created: 2014.01.14

Last update: 2014.02.11

-  ⇤ ← Revision 1 as of 2014-01-27 11:12:44 → 
  Size: 6578
  Editor: gra-lx17
  Comment:
+   ← Revision 33 as of 2014-02-15 11:13:47 → ⇥
  Size: 8084
  Editor: CarstenKramer
  Comment:
-Deletions are marked like this.
+Additions are marked like this.
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-##acl NicolasBillot,hermelo,CarstenKramer,SamuelLeclerc:read,write,delete,revert,admin Default
+#acl hermelo,CarstenKramer,NicolasBillot,SamuelLeclerc:read,write,delete,revert,admin Default
 Line 5:
- Unfortunately, planets are not always visible and 

Here we propose some secondary calibrators to observe when these planets are not visible.
+Sources with well known fluxes are essential to calibrate continuum observations.
-Line 15:
+Line 13:
-Sources with well known fluxes are essential to calibrate continuum observations. The primary calibrators used at the IRAM 30m telescope are Mars, Uranus and Neptune. The following table provides flux measurements taken at the IRAM 30m radiotelescope:
+The primary calibrators used at the IRAM 30m telescope are Mars, Uranus and Neptune. The following table provides flux measurements taken at the IRAM 30m radiotelescope:
-Line 17:
+Line 15:
-|| Planet  || MAMBO Flux [Jy] || NIKA 1 mm Flux [Jy] || NIKA 2 mm Flux [Jy] || GISMO Flux [Jy] || Comments            ||
|| NEPTUNE ||  13.99          ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  48 onoffs.  ||
|| URANUS  ||  36.62          ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO: 420 onoffs.  ||
|| MARS    || 108.36          ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO: 824 onoffs.  ||
+|| Planet  || MAMBO Flux [Jy] || NIKA 1 mm Flux [Jy] || NIKA 2 mm Flux [Jy] || GISMO Flux [Jy] || Comments                            ||
|| MARS    || 108.36          ||                     ||                     || 56.70 +/- 6.95  || MAMBO: 824 onoffs. GISMO: 27 scans '''CAREFUL: distance to Mars and hence its flux varies strongly''' ||
|| URANUS  ||  36.62          ||                     ||                     || 15.10 +/- 4.33  || MAMBO: 420 onoffs. GISMO: 97 scans  ||
|| NEPTUNE ||  13.99          ||                     ||                     ||  7.48 +/- 3.97  || MAMBO:  48 onoffs. GISMO: 15 scans  ||

MAMBO fluxes were extracted from the [[ https://pool.iram.es/ | IRAM DataBase for Pooled Observations ]] (go to astro -> Calib Sources).
 Line 28:
-|| Source     || RA [J2000]  || DEC [J2000] || Size ["] || MAMBO Flux [Jy] || NIKA 1 mm Flux [Jy] || NIKA 2 mm Flux [Jy] || GISMO Flux [Jy] || Comments            ||
|| G34.3      || 18:53:18.56 || +01:14:58.2 || 11x9     || 19.90 +/- 0.80  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  572 onoffs. ||
|| G10.62     || 18:10:28.66 || -19:55:49.7 || --       ||  9.12 +/- 0.00  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  241 onoffs. ||
|| W3OH       || 02:27:03.88 || +61:52:24.5 || 17x10    ||  8.13 +/- 0.40  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  551 onoffs. ||
|| K3-50A     || 20:01:45.69 || +33:32:43.5 || 11x9     ||  6.66 +/- 0.20  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  231 onoffs. ||
|| NGC7538    || 23:13:45.38 || +61:28:10.3 || 16x13    ||  5.79 +/- 0.50  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  300 onoffs. ||
|| IRAS16293  || 16:32:22.70 || -24:28:32.0 || 10       ||  5.30 +/- 0.30  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  105 onoffs. ||
|| CepA       || 22:56:17.93 || +62:01:49.5 || 27x15    ||  3.82 +/- 0.20  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  162 onoffs. ||
|| NGC7027    || 21:07:01.59 || +42:14:10.1 || 9x8      ||  3.14 +/- 0.10  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  139 onoffs. ||
|| CRL618     || 04:42:53.35 || +36:06:52.6 || 6x5      ||  2.93 +/- 0.10  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  366 onoffs. ||
|| G45.1      || 19:13:22.07 || +10:50:53.4 || 13x9     ||  2.69 +/- 0.20  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  264 onoffs. ||
|| GL490      || 03:27:38.84 || +58:47:00.5 || 16x11    ||  2.11 +/- 0.20  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  175 onoffs. ||
|| CRL2688    || 21:02:18.80 || +36:41:37.6 || 9x2      ||  1.83 +/- 0.10  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:   97 onoffs. ||
|| MWC349     || 20:32:45.57 || +40:39:36.4 || <0.5     ||  1.70 +/- 0.10  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:   86 onoffs. ||
|| L1551-IRS5 || 04:31:34.17 || +18:08:05.1 || 15x11    ||  1.51 +/- 0.20  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  634 onoffs. ||
|| CW-LEO     || 09:47:57.38 || +13:16:43.6 || 14x13    ||  1.29 +/- 0.05  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO: 1125 onoffs. ||
|| LKHALF234  || 21:43:06.79 || +66:06:54.4 || 21x14    ||  1.00 +/- 0.10  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  291 onoffs. ||
|| HLTAU      || 04:31:38.45 || +18:13:57.9 || 7x3      ||  0.96 +/- 0.05  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  231 onoffs. ||
|| HD-163296  || 17:56:21.29 || -21:57:21.9 || --       ||  0.69 +/- 0.20  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:    4 onoffs. ||
|| LKHALF101  || 04:30:14.40 || +35:16:24.1 || --       ||  0.57 +/- 0.00  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  117 onoffs. ||
|| ALF-ORI    || 05:55:10.28 || +07:24:25.4 || 7x3      ||  0.34 +/- 0.02  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  133 onoffs. ||
+|| Source     || RA [J2000]  || DEC [J2000] || Size ["] || MAMBO Flux [Jy] || NIKA 1 mm Flux [Jy] || NIKA 2 mm Flux [Jy] || GISMO Flux [Jy] || Comments                            ||
|| G34.3      || 18:53:18.56 || +01:14:58.2 || 11x9     || 19.90 +/- 0.80  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  572 onoffs.                 ||
|| G10.62     || 18:10:28.66 || -19:55:49.7 || --       ||  9.12 +/- 0.00  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  241 onoffs.                 ||
|| W3OH       || 02:27:03.88 || +61:52:24.5 || 17x10    ||  8.13 +/- 0.40  ||                     ||                     || 6.43 +/- 1.24   || MAMBO:  551 onoffs. GISMO: 32 scans ||
|| K3-50A     || 20:01:45.69 || +33:32:43.5 || 11x9     ||  6.66 +/- 0.20  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  231 onoffs.                 ||
|| NGC7538    || 23:13:45.38 || +61:28:10.3 || 16x13    ||  5.79 +/- 0.50  ||                     ||                     || 8.97 +/- 2.62   || MAMBO:  300 onoffs. GISMO: 15 scans ||
|| IRAS16293  || 16:32:22.70 || -24:28:32.0 || 10       ||  5.30 +/- 0.30  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  105 onoffs.                 ||
|| CepA       || 22:56:17.93 || +62:01:49.5 || 27x15    ||  3.82 +/- 0.20  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  162 onoffs.                 ||
|| NGC7027    || 21:07:01.59 || +42:14:10.1 || 9x8      ||  3.14 +/- 0.10  ||                     ||                     || 3.36 +/- 0.26   || MAMBO:  139 onoffs. GISMO:  3 scans ||
|| CRL618     || 04:42:53.35 || +36:06:52.6 || 6x5      ||  2.93 +/- 0.10  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  366 onoffs.                 ||
|| G45.1      || 19:13:22.07 || +10:50:53.4 || 13x9     ||  2.69 +/- 0.20  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  264 onoffs.                 ||
|| GL490      || 03:27:38.84 || +58:47:00.5 || 16x11    ||  2.11 +/- 0.20  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  175 onoffs.                 ||
|| CRL2688    || 21:02:18.80 || +36:41:37.6 || 9x2      ||  1.83 +/- 0.10  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:   97 onoffs.                 ||
|| MWC349     || 20:32:45.57 || +40:39:36.4 || <0.5     ||  1.70 +/- 0.10  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:   86 onoffs.                 ||
|| L1551-IRS5 || 04:31:34.17 || +18:08:05.1 || 15x11    ||  1.51 +/- 0.20  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  634 onoffs.                 ||
|| CW-LEO     || 09:47:57.38 || +13:16:43.6 || 14x13    ||  1.29 +/- 0.05  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO: 1125 onoffs.                 ||
|| LKHALF234  || 21:43:06.79 || +66:06:54.4 || 21x14    ||  1.00 +/- 0.10  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  291 onoffs.                 ||
|| HLTAU      || 04:31:38.45 || +18:13:57.9 || 7x3      ||  0.96 +/- 0.05  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  231 onoffs.                 ||
|| HD-163296  || 17:56:21.29 || -21:57:21.9 || --       ||  0.69 +/- 0.20  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:    4 onoffs.                 ||
|| LKHALF101  || 04:30:14.40 || +35:16:24.1 || --       ||  0.57 +/- 0.00  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  117 onoffs.                 ||
|| ALF-ORI    || 05:55:10.28 || +07:24:25.4 || 7x3      ||  0.34 +/- 0.02  ||                     ||                     ||                 || MAMBO:  133 onoffs.                 ||
 Line 50:
-See also the secondary calibrators for continuum measurements [[attachment:lisenfeld-2000-secondary-calibs-for-mambo.pdf | report ]] by Lisenfeld et al. (2000).
+MAMBO fluxes were extracted from the [[ https://pool.iram.es/ | IRAM DataBase for Pooled Observations ]] (go to astro -> Calib Sources; positions there are given in the J2000 coordinate system, and not as indicated in the header as B1950.0!!). See also the secondary calibrators for continuum measurements [[attachment:lisenfeld-2000-secondary-calibs-for-mambo.pdf | report ]] by Lisenfeld et al. (2000).
 Line 63:
-||[[attachment:Ceres]]||[[attachment:Pallas]]||[[attachment:Vesta]]||[[attachment:Lutetia]]||
+||[[ attachment:Ceres.txt | Ceres ]] || [[ attachment:Pallas.txt | Pallas ]] || [[ attachment:Vesta.txt | Vesta ]] || [[ attachment:Lutetia.txt | Lutetia ]] ||
 Line 65:
-The following figure summarizes the flux predictions at 1.3 mm for the period 2014-2015:
+## The following figure summarizes the flux predictions at 1.3 mm for the period 2014-2015:
 Line 67:
-{{attachment:Asteroids_f1300mu.png}}
+## {{attachment:Asteroids_f1300mu.png}}
 Line 70:
-=== Ceres ===
+=== Ceres, Pallas, Vesta, Lutetia ===
 Line 73:
-SOURCE Body Ceres 2456551.202069534158 80.32764144660911  72.29215117844517 10.59398142371781 2.557090856996202 .07579725984872261
+   PAKO> SOURCE Body Ceres 2456551.202069534158 80.32764144660911  72.29215117844517 10.59398142371781 2.557090856996202 .07579725984872261    
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Pallas 2456634.320680106518 173.1023717671647 309.9337060321055 34.83625656930519 2.130435195136733 .2315650120848084
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Vesta 2456923.695134388993 103.8514828145328 151.1995756082146 7.140518203879475 2.152395790927782 .08850244223456388
   PAKO> SOURCE Body Lutetia 2457274.428494472523 80.88533411704726 250.2363739926752 3.06386567315565 2.034005484901541 .1644593151184061
-Line 76:
+Line 79:
-=== Pallas ===
+{{attachment:Ceres.png|alt text|height=400}}
{{attachment:Pallas.png|alt text|height=400}}
{{attachment:Vesta.png|alt text|height=400}}   
{{attachment:Lutetia.png|alt text|height=400}}
-Line 78:
+Line 84:
-{{{
SOURCE Body Pallas 2456634.320680106518 173.1023717671647 309.9337060321055 34.83625656930519 2.130435195136733 .2315650120848084
}}}
+----
-Line 82:
+Line 86:
-=== Vesta ===
+== Polarized Calibrators ==
-Line 84:
+Line 88:
-{{{
SOURCE Body Vesta 2456923.695134388993 103.8514828145328 151.1995756082146 7.140518203879475 2.152395790927782 .08850244223456388
}}}
-Line 88:
+Line 89:
-=== Lutetia ===
+|| Source     || RA [J2000]  || DEC [J2000] || S(1mm) [Jy]   || p(1mm) [%]   || x(1mm) [deg] || Comments                                                                 ||
|| 3C286      || 13:31:8.30  || +30:30:33.0 || 0.30 +/- 0.03 || 14.4 +/- 1.8 || 33.1 +/- 5.7 || Bright compact radio quasar. XPOL observations from Sep 2006 to Jan 2012 ||
-Line 90:
+Line 92:
-{{{
SOURCE Body Lutetia 2457274.428494472523 80.88533411704726 250.2363739926752 3.06386567315565 2.034005484901541 .1644593151184061  
}}}
-Line 94:
+Line 93:
+S(1mm), p(1mm), and x(1mm) are the flux density, the polarization fraction, and the polarization angle at 1 mm measured with the XPOL polarimeter at the IRAM 30m Telescope.
-Line 96:
+Line 97:
-Author: Israel Hermelo (IRAM 30m continuum pool manager)
+Author: Israel Hermelo (IRAM 30m Continuum Pool Manager)
-Line 102:
+Line 103:
-Last update: 2014.01.27
+Last update: 2014.02.11

Diff for "Continuum/Calibrators"